PROJECT TOPICS

                           FOR ANY OF THIS MATERIAL CALL 07064961036

1.     DETERMINANTS OF ADOPTION OF IMPROVED PLANTING MATERIALS BY CASSAVA FARMERS IN EKITI STATE 

2.     AN ANALYSIS OF ERROR IN STUDENTS SPOKEN ENGLISH IN SELECTED SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL IN ILAJE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ONDO STATE

3.     THE ROLE OF RATIO ANALYSIS IN BUSINESS DECISIONS.  TISCO COMPANY NIGERIA LIMITED AKURE IN FOCUS

4.     THE CONSUMER ATTITUDE TOWARDS HOME MADE GOODS AND ITS ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS ON THE NIGERIA ECONOMY

5.     WOMEN PARTICIPATION IN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES.  A CASE STUDY OF OYE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, EKITI STATE

6.     EFFECT OF INSTRUCTIONAL AIDS IN TEACHING AND LEARNING OF CHEMISTRY USING AKURE SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ONDO STATE AS A CASE STUDY.

7.     CONSUMER TASTE TOWARDS HOME MADE GOODS AND THE EFFECTS ON NIGERIAN ECONOMY

8.     CAUSES AND SOLUTION TO WISESPREAD INDISCIPLINE AMONG COMPUTER SCIENCE STUDENTS IN SECONDARY SCHOOL

9.     IMPACT OF EXCHANGE RATE DEVALUATION ON AGRICULTURAL EXPORT IN NIGERIA

10.                        FUNDAMENTALS OF  SENSITIVITY AND PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS OF A LINEAR PROGRAMMING PROBLEM

11.                        EVALUATION OF THE ROLE OF AUDIT AND FORENSIC ACCOUNTING IN FRAUD CONTROL IN PUBLIC SECTOR 

12.                        CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE AMONG STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA NSUKKA, IKERE CAMPUS

13.                        PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE TEACHING OF SOCIAL STUDIES IN SOME SELECTED JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ADO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EKITI STATE.

14.                        THE IMPACT OF COMMERCIAL BANK ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF EKITI STATE  A CASE STUDY OF ENTERPRISE BANK PLC IKERE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA

15.                        RELIGIOUS CRISIS AND THE FUTURE OF DEMOCRACY IN NIGERIA

16.                        (A CASE STUDY OF THE FOURTH REPUBLIC 1999-2002)

17.                        IMPACT OF HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT ON THE ORGANIZATIONAL GROWTH

18.                        FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR POOR PERFORMANCE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENT IN VOCATIONAL STUDIES

19.                        AN EXAMINATION OF THE EFFECT OF PIDGIN-ENGLISH ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN ENGLISH GRAMMAR IN SELECTED SCHOOLS IN ADO-EKITI LOCAL GOVERNMENT

20.                        THE ROLE OF TRADITIONAL RULES IN DEMOCRATIZATION PROCESS. A CASE STUDY OF ONDO WEST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ONDO-STATE

21.                        THE ROLE OF ELECTRONIC MEDIA IN THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE: A STUDY OF SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ADO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF  EKITI STATE.

22.                        POLITICAL RHETORICS AND ASSESSMENT  OF SERVICE DELIVERY IN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF ONDO STATE.

23.                        A SURVEY OF THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS FROM VARIOUS HOME BACKGROUND IN AKURE SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ONDO STATE

24.                        SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND PARENTAL INFLUENCE ON THE LEARNING OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOLS PUPILS, A CASE STUDY OF OYE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EKITI-STATE.

25.                        AN  INVESTIGATION  INTO THE EFFECTS OF PARENT SOCIO-ECONOMIC  STATUS ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF PUPILS IN SELECTED PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN IKERE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EKITI STATE

26.                        ROLE OF EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATOR IN CHECKING  EXAMINATIONS MALPRACTICES AMONG SECONDARY STUDENTS IN ILORIN METROPOLIS.

27.                        THE INFLUENCE OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING PROGRAMME ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS:

28.                        THE CONSEQUENCES OF TEENAGE PREGNANCY AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN EMURE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EKITI STATE.

29.                        THE CONTRIBUTION OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT TO THE RURAL DEVELOPMENT. A CASE STUDY OF IREPODUN/IFELODUN LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, EKITI STATE)

30.                        THE IMPACT OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM ON COMMERCIAL BANKING SERVICES

31.                        (A CASE STUDY OF SKYE BANK PLC)

32.                        PROBLEM FACING FINAL YEAR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENT ON THE CHOICE OF CAREER CHOSEN IN AKURE SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ONDO STATE

33.                        THE IMPACT OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION ON THE GROWTH OF INDUSTRIAL OUTPUT IN NIGERIA

34.                                                                                                                                                                                                              (1981-2010)

35.                        A MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF THE SPATIAL CHALLENGES OF TOURISM RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN  SOUTH-WESTERN NIGERIA.

TY COMPUTER INSTITUTE 

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, 

IKERE-EKITI

07064961036

Ekiti Crime

Criminal psychology also referred to as Criminological psychology^[1] is the study of the wills, thoughts, intentions and reactions of criminals, all that partakes in the criminal behavior.^[2][3]

It is related to the field of criminal anthropology. The study goes deeply into what makes someone commit a crime, but also the reactions after the crime, on the run or in court. Criminal psychologists are often called up as witnesses in court cases to help the jury understand the mind of the criminal. Some types of Psychiatry also deal with aspects of criminal behavior.

Contents

• 1 Psychology's role in the legal system
• 2 The four roles of criminal psychologist
• 3 Profiling
• 4 Applied Criminal Psychology
• 5 References
• 6 See also

Psychology's role in the legal system

Main article: Forensic psychology

Psychiatrists and psychologists are licensed professionals that can assess both mental and physical states. Profilers look for patterns in behavior to typify the individual(s) behind a crime. A group effort attempts to answer the most common psychological questions: If there is a risk of a sexual predator re-offending if put back in society; If an offender is competent to stand trial; whether or not an offender was sane/insane at the time of the offense.

The question of competency to stand trial is a question of an offender’s current state of mind. This assesses the offender’s ability to understand the charges against them, the possible outcomes of being convicted/acquitted of these charges and their ability to assist their attorney with their defense. The question of sanity/insanity or criminal responsibility is an assessment of the offenders state of mind at the time of the crime. This refers to their ability to understand right from wrong and what is against the law. The insanity defense is rarely used, as it is very difficult to prove. If declared insane, an offender is committed to a secure hospital facility for much longer than they would have served in prison. Theoretically, that is.^[4]

The four roles of criminal psychologist

In 1981, one of the fathers of UK’s criminal psychology – Professor Lionel Haward described four ways, that psychologist may perform upon being professionally involved in criminal proceedings. These are the following:

Clinical: In this situation the psychologist is involved in assessment of individual in order to provide a clinical judgment. The psychologist can use assessment tools, interview or psychometric tool in order to aid in his/her assessment. These assessments can help police or other competitive organs determine how to process the individual in question. For example help finding out whether he/she is capable to stand trial or whether the individual has mental illness which means, that he/she is unable to understand the proceedings.

Experimental: In this case the task of psychologist is to perform a research in order to inform a case. This can involve executing experimental tests for the purposes of illustrating a point or providing further information to courts. This may involve false memory, eyewitness credibility experiments and such. For example, this way questions similar to “how likely would a witness see an object in 100 meters?” will be answered.

Actuarial: This role involves usage of statistics in order to inform a case. For example, a psychologist may be asked to provide probability of an event occurring. Therefore, the courts may ask how likely a person will reoffend if a sentence is declined.

Advisory: Here a psychologist may advice police about how to proceed with the investigation. For example, which is the best way to interview the individual, how best cross-examine a vulnerable or another expert witness, how an offender will act after committing the offence.^[5]

Profiling

Main article: criminal profiling

A major part of Criminal psychology, known as criminal profiling, began in the 1940s when the United States Office of Strategic Services asked William L. Langer's brother Walter C. Langer, a well renowned psychiatrist, to draw up a profile of Adolf Hitler. After the Second World War British psychologist Lionel Haward, while working for the Royal Air Force police, drew up a list of characteristics which high-ranking war criminals might display, to be able to spot them amongst ordinary captured soldiers and airmen.

A renowned Italian Psychologist Cesare Lumbroso (1835-1909) was thought to be one of the first criminologist to attempt to formally classify criminals based on age, sex, gender, physical characteristics, education, and geographic region. When comparing these similar characteristics he better understood the origin of motivation of criminal behavior. Published his book called The Criminal Man. Lumbroso studied 383 Italian inmates. Based on his studies, he suggested that there were three types of criminals. Born Criminals which meant these people are degenerates and the insane criminals are ones that suffer a mental illness. Also he studied and found specific physical characteristics. A few examples include asymmetry of the face, eye defects and peculiarities, and ears of unusual size and etc.^[6]

In the 1950s, US psychiatrist James A. Brussel drew up what turned to be an uncannily accurate profile of a bomber who had been terrorizing New York.^{[citation needed]}

It was first introduced to the FBI in the 1960s when several classes were taught to the American Society of crime lab directors. Most of the public at that time knew little if not anything about how profilers would profile people until TV came into play. Later films based on the fictional works of Author Thomas Harris that caught the public eye as a profession in particular Manhunter (1986) and Silence of the Lambs (1991). The fastest development occurred when the FBI opened its training academy, the Behavioral Analysis Unit (BAU), in Quantico, Virginia. It led to the establishment of the National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime and the violent criminal apprehension program. The idea was to have a system which could pick up links between unsolved major crimes.^{[citation needed]}

In the United Kingdom, Professor David Canter was a pioneer helping to guide police detectives from the mid-1980s to an offender who had carried out a series of serious attacks, but Canter saw the limitations of "offender profiling" - in particular, the subjective, personal opinion of a psychologist. He and a colleague coined the term investigative psychology and began trying to approach the subject from what they saw as a more scientific point of view.^{[citation needed]}

Criminal profiling, also known as offender profiling, is the process of linking an offender's actions at the crime scene to their most likely characteristics to help police investigators narrow down and prioritize a pool of most likely suspects. Profiling is a relatively new area of forensic psychology that during the past 20 years has developed from what used to be described as an art to a rigorous science. Part of a sub-field of forensic psychology called investigative psychology, criminal profiling is based on increasingly rigorous methodological advances and empirical research.^{[citation needed]}

Criminal profiling is a process now known in the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) as criminal investigative analysis. Profilers, or criminal investigative analysts, are trained and experienced law enforcement officers who study every behavioral aspect and detail of an unsolved violent crime scene in which a certain amount of psychopathology has been left at the scene. The characteristics of a good profiler are discussed. Five behavioral characteristics that can be gleaned from the crime scene are described: 1) amount of planning that went into the crime, 2) degree of control used by the offender, 3) escalation of emotion at the scene, 4) risk level of both the offender and victim, and 5) appearance of the crime scene (disorganized versus organized). The process of interpreting the behavior observed at a crime scene is briefly discussed.^[7]

Applied Criminal Psychology

The effect of psychological and social factors on the functioning of our brain is the central question forensic or criminal psychologist deal with because it is the seed of all our actions. For Forensic Psychiatry the main question is which patient becomes an offender or which offender becomes a patient and what came first the crime or the mental disorder. Questions that these psychiatrist consider are: 1. Is a mental disorder present now and was it present during the time of the crime? 2. What is the level of Responsibility of the offender for the crime? 3. What is the risk of reoffending and which risk factors are involved? 4. Is treatment possible to reduce the risk of reoffending? Accordingly individual psychiatric evaluations are resorted to measuring personality traits by psychological testing that have good validity for the purpose of the court.^[8]ntd-cp

References

1.      http://www.birmingham.ac.uk/postgraduate/courses/taught/psych/criminological-psychology.aspx

2.      Richard N. Kocsis, Applied criminal psychology: a guide to forensic behavioral sciences, Charles C Thomas Publisher, 2009, pp.7

3.      JamesBontahttp://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=5MsRl66hAdAC&oi=fnd&pg=PP2&dq=Criminal+Psychology&ots=uQE3hofL1V&sig=bMLdS-b2VMLCyzh3JjcYX5LZATc#v=onepage&q=Criminal%20Psychology&f=false

4.      Turvey, Brent E. (2002). Criminal Profiling, 4th Edition An Introduction to Behavioral Evidence Analysis. California: Elseiver Science Ltd. ISBN 0127050418.

5.      "Everything about criminal psychology".

6.      Richard N. Kocsis, Applied criminal psychology: a guide to forensic behavioral sciences, Charles C Thomas Publisher, 2009, pp.7

7.      O'Toole, Mary Ellen (2004). Pro-filers: Leading investigators take you inside the criminal mind. New York: Amherst, NY US: Prometheus Books. pp. 223–228. ISBN 1-59102-266-5.

8.      Turvey, Brent E. (2002). Criminal Profiling, 4th Edition An Introduction to Behavioral Evidence Analysis. California: Elseiver Science Ltd

ROLE OF COUNSELING IN CRIME CONTROL IN EKITI STATE

For offenders: When you have been accused or convicted of committing a crime, the implications can be very far reaching. The merry-go-round arrest, hearings, conviction, incarceration, release, probations, all leading back to getting rearrested or violating conditions of your sentencing can seem overwhelming and frightening. If you are new to this system, simply knowing what comes next, what will this mean for your future, what are the consequences for each of the various choices can be extremely anxiety provoking. There are also many of you in this category who continue to make the same decisions and therefore stay in the same dysfunctional patterns. At times it feels as if the entire system is set up to make you fail. Helping you to learn to identify the role you play in this cycle, determining how to make decisions that will allow you to become empowered and end the cycle is one of the primary objectives of counseling in this area.

This process begins by examining why you continue doing the same things. Evaluations of your foundational beliefs, values, attitudes and life-commandments as well as your goals and motivations need to be examined. Very often, addiction is a major problem. Unstable and abusive childhoods, poverty and mental health disorders are prevalent. One of the Samaritan Center counselors has worked with inmates both in the federal judicial system as well as at the local Eagle County Jail. Her work has shown that it is possible to get off the merry-go-round. Involvement in the criminal justice system does not mean your life is over. You can go on to live a healthy, happy, and productive life.

For victims: When you have been the victim of a crime, all too often you are faced with being victimized again as you go through the legal system to see the perpetrator brought to justice. Instead of being met with kindness and compassion, you find that your motives and actions are sometimes brought into questions. This process can be very stressful. Further, it is not uncommon to be uncomfortable labeling yourself as a “victim.” Having to face the fact that you were not in control and someone else was able to dictate what happened to you is frightening and difficult to reconcile. As a result of your experience, you may be coping with PTSD; having flashbacks, experiencing nightmares, feeling unsafe for no identifiable reason. These symptoms along with many others may begin to interfere with your relationships and your ability to be effective in other areas of your life. Add to this that you may have to relive the experience through multiple depositions and on the stand, and you may find that you are feeling overwhelmed. One of the Samaritan Center counselors has worked with many victims and can help you navigate through the tumultuous emotions and physiological responses you many experience. She specializes in trauma and will help provide support and guidance so that you can get the healing you seek.

For law enforcers: The law enforcement occupation is often a misunderstood profession by the civilian community. Law enforcement officers often have lower marital satisfaction and higher divorce rates than the average population. Frequently they have difficulty forming relationships outside of the police fraternity, due a variety of factors. Very often characteristics that make a "good cop" have a negative influence on other relationships. The characteristics of policing are so ingrained (literally "on" 24 hours a day), that they can become part of the officer's personality and are perceived by others as a lack of sensitivity to those around them. The police officer is not insensitive, but instead may be having difficulty relaxing and “letting down,” a state called hypervigilance. This hypervigilance creates a perceived distance and “edge” that may keep the officer from being able to relate. These conflicting characteristics inherent in police work can be difficult to reconcile in a police officer’s world view, work experience and personal life.

As a law enforcement officer, you may find that the preceding discussion rings true for you. When you experience stress in your personal life, at work, or as a result of your own internal personal issues, it is frequently difficult to give voice to it. Your profession requires you to be decisive and in control. The concepts of being strong, keeping a stiff upper lip, and being “the man” all run deep in the fraternity. To admit that you are struggling or experiencing stress makes you afraid you may somehow be seen as “less than.” Further, you know that if the situation is too severe, someone may decide you can’t do your job anymore. All too often this means that officers decide it is better to not admit to any of this or talk to anyone. Luckily, the Samaritan Center has a counselor who herself is a former law enforcement officer. As such, she understands the stresses and strains that go with the job and has the expertise to work with you and help you cope with the issues you are facing and develop solutions that fit you and the realities of your job.